Geopolitical tensions have recently become increasingly complex, emerging from the interaction of various global actors with diverse interests. In this context, conflict does not only occur on the battlefield, but also in the economic, technological and cultural sectors. One new perspective for understanding this tension is through the lens of digital domain power. One clear example of this is the competition between the United States and China. Both countries are fighting for dominance in cyberspace, which has far-reaching impacts on international policy. The US responded to what it saw as threats from Chinese technology companies, such as Huawei, by implementing embargoes and sanctions. Meanwhile, China responded by strengthening data security and expanding its “Digital Silk Road” initiative, aimed at increasing its technological influence in Asia and beyond. In addition, geopolitical tensions are also visible in the context of climate change. As environmental problems become more pressing, countries are trying to secure natural resources, such as fresh water and fertile land. For example, in the Nile River region, countries such as Egypt and Ethiopia are involved in disputes regarding the use of water from the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD). This suggests that resource conflicts could be a driver of new tensions involving many countries. In politics, tensions often give rise to new alliances. For example, NATO and the European Union cooperate with each other in dealing with threats from Russia. After Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, NATO strengthened its position in Eastern Europe, while the European Union implemented very significant economic sanctions against Moscow. This creates new dynamics that redefine the boundaries of geopolitical influence in the region. The practice of public diplomacy has also evolved. Countries are now leveraging social media to shape larger narratives in the global arena. A clear example is Russia’s steps in utilizing digital platforms to discredit western countries and build sympathy in the eyes of the international public. The use of propaganda through social media creates new challenges for countries seeking to maintain their reputation in the global world. The existence of blockchain and digital currency technology also brings a new dimension to the consolidation of power. Countries are starting to consider the use of cryptocurrencies as a tool to circumvent international sanctions, giving them the freedom to transact and facilitate trade without depending on traditional financial systems controlled by western powers. In recent analysis, global trade also serves as a major arena of geopolitical tensions. The ongoing tariff dispute between various countries has had a far-reaching impact on the global economy. When protectionist policies increase, the impact is not only felt by the countries involved, but also affects international markets and global economic stability. Through this framework, it is important to understand that geopolitical tensions do not always lead to armed conflict. Many circumstances force countries to seek more creative diplomacy. Cooperation between countries in the fields of technology, climate change and socio-politics shows that despite divisions, dialogue is still possible. Existing tensions can become a driver for more adaptive diplomatic innovation to achieve a new balance on the global stage.
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